Ted Radcliffe
Catcher · Career Stats, Bio & Records
Ted Radcliffe was a catcher who played in Major League Baseball for 12 teams, including the Detroit Stars. In 454 career games, he hit .270 with 386 hits, 21 home runs, and 221 RBI. He also pitched in 124 games, going 45-39 with a 4.13 ERA. Ted Radcliffe was a 6-time All-Star. His totals include Negro Leagues seasons, which MLB recognized as major league in 2020. His career Pitcher PIV β Baseball Data Hub's era-adjusted measure of pitching impact β is 9944.7.
- AVG (Batting Average):
- Hits divided by at bats. .300 is the traditional mark of an excellent hitter.
- HR (Home Runs):
- Hits on which the batter circled the bases and scored, almost always by clearing the outfield fence.
- RBI (Runs Batted In):
- Runs that scored as a direct result of a batter's plate appearance.
- OPS (On-Base Plus Slugging):
- On-base percentage plus slugging percentage, the quickest single summary of offensive value. .900 or better is star-level.
Data updated
- Position
- Catcher
- Bats / Throws
- R / R
- Height / Weight
- 5'11" / 186 lb
- Died
- 8/11/2005 in Chicago, IL, USA
- Awards
- 6Γ All-Star
Full name: Theodore Roosevelt Radcliffe
π View Manager Career
Negro Leagues Career Statistics
Negro Leagues (season totals). Additive Retrosheet-digitized totals for seasons not already in the logs above; they are not summed into the career line. No team/league breakdown is available, and coverage may be partial.
Negro Leagues Season-by-Season Batting
Negro Leagues Season-by-Season Pitching
Career Batting Statistics
| G | AB | R | H | 2B | 3B | HR | RBI | SB | BB | SO | AVG | OBP | SLG | OPS | PIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 454 | 1,429 | 177 | 386 | 59 | 14 | 21 | 221 | 20 | 63 | 5 | .270 | .306 | .375 | .681 | -1,480 |
Career AVG .270 vs. league average .272 across their career seasons β near league average.
Career OBP .306 vs. league average .337 across their career seasons β 9.2% below league average.
Career SLG .375 vs. league average .384 across their career seasons β near league average.
Career OPS .681 vs. league average .721 across their career seasons β 5.5% below league average.
Season-by-Season Batting
Click a stat to plot it across every season.
| Year | Team | Lg | G | AB | R | H | 2B | 3B | HR | RBI | SB | BB | SO | AVG | Lg AVG | Lg OBP | Lg SLG | Lg OPS | PIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 | DS | NNL | 65 | 254 | 29 | 66 | 9 | 3 | 8 | 41 | 2 | 7 | 1 | .260 | .280 (-8%) | .342 (-16%) | .395 (+5%) | .737 (-5%) | -277.9 |
| 1929 | DS | NNL | 32 | 126 | 23 | 39 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 25 | 3 | 5 | 0 | .310 | .289 (+7%) | .353 (-2%) | .415 (+15%) | .769 (+7%) | 120.8 |
| 1929 | CAG | NNL | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | .500 | β | β | β | β | 120.8 |
| 1930 | SLS | NNL | 73 | 252 | 40 | 72 | 12 | 4 | 5 | 49 | 7 | 10 | 1 | .286 | .293 (-3%) | .354 (-10%) | .429 (-1%) | .784 (-5%) | -274.3 |
| 1931 | HG | IND | 21 | 58 | 4 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 2 | .224 | .276 (-19%) | .338 (-19%) | .388 (-11%) | .726 (-15%) | -146.7 |
| 1931 | DS | NNL | 3 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | .200 | β | β | β | β | -146.7 |
| 1932 | PC | IND | 32 | 86 | 9 | 24 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 3 | 0 | .279 | .275 (+1%) | .335 (-10%) | .391 (-14%) | .726 (-12%) | -163.6 |
| 1933 | HG | NN2 | 11 | 38 | 4 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | .237 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1933 | CBB | NN2 | 4 | 17 | 4 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | .529 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1933 | NBY | IND | 5 | 14 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | .214 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1934 | CAG | NN2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | .000 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1935 | BE | NN2 | 12 | 31 | 3 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | .258 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1937 | CT | NAL | 33 | 122 | 13 | 34 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 20 | 1 | 4 | 0 | .279 | .276 (+1%) | .342 (-12%) | .398 (-7%) | .740 (-9%) | -223.2 |
| 1938 | MRS | NAL | 28 | 75 | 9 | 22 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 4 | 0 | .293 | .272 (+7%) | .341 (-1%) | .392 (+2%) | .734 (avg) | -1.1 |
| 1939 | MRS | NAL | 18 | 37 | 4 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | .189 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1941 | MRS | NAL | 9 | 9 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | .333 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1941 | KCM | NAL | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | .000 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1942 | MRS | NAL | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | .000 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1942 | BBB | NAL | 16 | 42 | 3 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | .262 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1942 | CAG | NAL | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | .000 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1943 | CAG | NAL | 30 | 107 | 7 | 31 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 1 | 2 | 0 | .290 | .255 (+13%) | .324 (-7%) | .346 (-6%) | .671 (-6%) | -122.9 |
| 1943 | BBB | NAL | 2 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | .286 | β | β | β | β | -122.9 |
| 1944 | BBB | NAL | 22 | 76 | 12 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 5 | 0 | .197 | .261 (-25%) | .325 (-24%) | .357 (-34%) | .683 (-29%) | -339.8 |
| 1945 | BBB | NAL | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | .000 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1945 | KCM | NAL | 6 | 18 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | .278 | β | β | β | β | 0.0 |
| 1946 | HG | NN2 | 26 | 45 | 7 | 11 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 6 | 0 | .244 | β | β | β | β | -51.6 |
| Career · 26 seasons | 454 | 1,429 | 177 | 386 | 59 | 14 | 21 | 221 | 20 | 63 | 5 | .270 | — | — | — | — | -1,629 | ||
Lg columns show the league average for that season, with the player's figure as a percentage above or below it. Career totals the seasons listed above.
Season-by-Season Pitching
Click a stat to plot it across every season.
| Year | Team | Lg | W | L | G | GS | CG | SHO | SV | IP | H | ER | BB | SO | ERA | Lg ERA | Pitcher PIV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1929 | CAG | NNL | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.2 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0.00 | β | 0.0 |
| 1930 | SLS | NNL | 10 | 2 | 20 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 112.1 | 97 | 34 | 35 | 60 | 2.72 | 4.80 (+43%) | 1331.0 |
| 1931 | HG | IND | 3 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 58.2 | 69 | 44 | 25 | 26 | 6.75 | 4.10 (-65%) | -140.8 |
| 1931 | DS | NNL | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9.0 | 11 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 5.00 | 4.10 (-22%) | 0.0 |
| 1932 | PC | IND | 9 | 7 | 19 | 15 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 122.2 | 126 | 51 | 45 | 46 | 3.74 | 4.13 (+9%) | 1299.1 |
| 1933 | HG | NN2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 17.1 | 26 | 14 | 3 | 10 | 7.27 | 3.86 (-89%) | 360.8 |
| 1933 | NBY | IND | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 11.1 | 13 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 5.56 | 3.86 (-44%) | -257.3 |
| 1934 | CAG | NN2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5.2 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 4.76 | β | 0.0 |
| 1935 | BE | NN2 | 4 | 4 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 57.2 | 79 | 37 | 23 | 21 | 5.77 | 4.35 (-33%) | -1282.3 |
| 1937 | CT | NAL | 2 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.1 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 9 | 3.65 | 4.34 (+16%) | 576.8 |
| 1938 | MRS | NAL | 3 | 4 | 9 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 47.0 | 51 | 21 | 10 | 33 | 4.02 | 4.35 (+7%) | 1666.0 |
| 1939 | MRS | NAL | 7 | 4 | 14 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 80.2 | 76 | 34 | 11 | 62 | 3.79 | 4.28 (+11%) | 3995.0 |
| 1941 | MRS | NAL | 0 | 4 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 28.2 | 33 | 11 | 4 | 18 | 3.45 | 3.94 (+12%) | 1193.2 |
| 1942 | MRS | NAL | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.2 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 6.75 | β | 0.0 |
| 1942 | BBB | NAL | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.2 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3.86 | β | 0.0 |
| 1943 | CAG | NAL | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 8.2 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 1.04 | β | 0.0 |
| 1946 | HG | NN2 | 2 | 3 | 14 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 30.2 | 30 | 12 | 4 | 16 | 3.52 | 3.59 (+2%) | 1203.1 |
| Career · 17 seasons | 45 | 39 | 124 | 65 | 45 | 3 | 10 | 616.2 | 649 | 283 | 179 | 328 | 4.13 | — | 9,945 | ||
Lg columns show the league average for that season, with the player's figure as a percentage above or below it. Career totals the seasons listed above.
Postseason Statistics
Playoff Career Batting
| G | AB | R | H | 2B | 3B | HR | RBI | BB | SO | AVG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | 69 | 2 | 18 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | .261 |
Playoff Batting by Year
| Year | Round | Team | G | AB | R | H | 2B | 3B | HR | RBI | BB | SO | AVG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1944 | NWS | BBB | 5 | 19 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | .211 |
| 1943 | ALC | CAG | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | .000 |
| 1943 | NWS | BBB | 7 | 29 | 0 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | .310 |
| 1934 | NLC | CAG | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | .000 |
| 1930 | NNC | SLS | 6 | 15 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | .333 |
Playoff Career Pitching
Playoff Pitching by Year
Game Log & Splits
View full game log (359 games) →Per-game data from Retrosheet (regular season, through 2025).
Batting — Home / Away
| Split | G | AB | R | H | HR | RBI | AVG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home | 132 | 223 | 37 | 67 | 2 | 29 | .300 |
| Away | 141 | 262 | 17 | 76 | 1 | 30 | .290 |
Pitching — Home / Away
| Split | G | IP | H | ER | BB | SO | ERA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home | 44 | 179.2 | 164 | 29 | 26 | 35 | 1.45 |
| Away | 42 | 188.1 | 184 | 51 | 30 | 68 | 2.44 |
Last 10 Games — Batting
| Date | Tm | Opp | Res | AB | R | H | 2B | 3B | HR | RBI | BB | SO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1949-09-04 | CAG | IN9 | L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1949-08-31 | CAG | LCB | W | 6 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| 1949-08-17 | CAG | BIR | W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1949-08-16 | CAG | BIR | L | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1949-08-10 | CAG | LCB | W | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1949-08-01 | CAG | PH5 | L | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1949-07-31 | CAG | PH5 | W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1949-07-31 | CAG | PH5 | L | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1949-07-29 | CAG | KCM | W | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1949-07-26 | CAG | KCM | L | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Last 10 Games — Pitching
| Date | Tm | Opp | Dec | IP | H | R | ER | BB | SO | HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1949-06-16 | LCB | KCM | L | 6.2 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| 1949-06-06 | LCB | CAG | W | 7.0 | 7 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1946-07-28 | HOM | NW2 | — | 2.0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 1946-07-07 | HOM | NW2 | — | 2.0 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1946-07-04 | HOM | NY6 | — | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1946-07-04 | HOM | NY6 | SV | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1946-06-30 | HOM | NY5 | W | 5.0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 1946-06-27 | HOM | NW2 | — | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1946-06-23 | HOM | PH5 | — | 0.2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1946-06-13 | HOM | NW2 | SV | 2.0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fielding Statistics
Career Fielding Totals by Position
| Position | G | GS | PO | A | E | DP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1B | 1 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2B | 2 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 1 |
| C | 317 | 296 | 1474 | 270 | 53 | 29 |
| OF | 10 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 0 |
| P | 124 | 66 | 19 | 128 | 16 | 5 |
| PH | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PR | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Season-by-Season Fielding
| Year | Team | Pos | G | GS | PO | A | E | DP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 | DS | C | 65 | 65 | 241 | 57 | 11 | 7 |
| 1929 | DS | C | 32 | 32 | 156 | 29 | 6 | 3 |
| 1929 | DS | OF | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1929 | CAG | P | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1930 | SLS | 1B | 1 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 1930 | SLS | C | 55 | 52 | 267 | 48 | 13 | 4 |
| 1930 | SLS | P | 20 | 13 | 3 | 18 | 4 | 2 |
| 1931 | HG | C | 10 | 10 | 57 | 11 | 4 | 1 |
| 1931 | HG | OF | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1931 | HG | P | 10 | 8 | 0 | 8 | 2 | 1 |
| 1931 | DS | C | 2 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1931 | DS | P | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
| 1932 | PC | C | 12 | 9 | 61 | 7 | 0 | 2 |
| 1932 | PC | OF | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1932 | PC | P | 19 | 15 | 7 | 28 | 3 | 2 |
| 1933 | HG | C | 9 | 8 | 37 | 16 | 2 | 2 |
| 1933 | HG | P | 3 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
| 1933 | CBB | C | 4 | 4 | 19 | 5 | 0 | 1 |
| 1933 | NBY | C | 3 | 3 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| 1933 | NBY | P | 2 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| 1934 | CAG | P | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 1935 | BE | C | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 1935 | BE | P | 11 | 7 | 2 | 18 | 1 | 0 |
| 1937 | CT | C | 30 | 27 | 210 | 28 | 5 | 3 |
| 1937 | CT | OF | 2 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1937 | CT | P | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| 1938 | MRS | 2B | 2 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 1 |
| 1938 | MRS | C | 13 | 10 | 59 | 8 | 1 | 0 |
| 1938 | MRS | OF | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1938 | MRS | P | 9 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 3 | 0 |
| 1939 | MRS | C | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1939 | MRS | OF | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
| 1939 | MRS | P | 14 | 6 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0 |
| 1941 | MRS | P | 9 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| 1941 | KCM | PR | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1942 | MRS | P | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1942 | BBB | C | 12 | 11 | 48 | 7 | 0 | 2 |
| 1942 | BBB | P | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| 1942 | CAG | C | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 1943 | CAG | C | 27 | 25 | 112 | 19 | 4 | 2 |
| 1943 | CAG | OF | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1943 | CAG | P | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 1943 | BBB | C | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| 1944 | BBB | C | 22 | 21 | 96 | 19 | 3 | 1 |
| 1945 | BBB | PH | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1945 | KCM | C | 6 | 5 | 20 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| 1946 | HG | C | 10 | 8 | 46 | 7 | 1 | 1 |
| 1946 | HG | P | 14 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Career Games by Position
Circle size = games played at each position.
| Position | Games |
|---|---|
| Pitcher | 124 |
| Catcher | 317 |
| First Base | 1 |
| Second Base | 2 |
| Left Field | 8 |
| Right Field | 2 |
Most Similar Players
Career comps based on counting + rate stats and primary position. Score is relative β closest peer anchors at ~98%.
Ted Radcliffe: the record in brief
The season rows for Ted Radcliffe begin in 1928. By club, Radcliffe's seasons break down as the Detroit Stars (1928 through 1931), the Chicago American Giants (1929 to 1943), the St. Louis Stars (1930), the Homestead Grays (1931 to 1946), the Pittsburgh Crawfords (1932), the Columbus Blue Birds (1933), the New York Black Yankees (1933), and the Brooklyn Eagles (1935), with further stops in the season rows. Radcliffe is listed as a catcher at 186 pounds on a 5-foot-11 frame. The bio says Radcliffe threw and hit right-handed. The recorded birth is July 7, 1902, in Mobile, AL, USA. The bio records the death on August 11, 2005, in Chicago, IL, USA. Radcliffe's full given name, per the bio, is Theodore Roosevelt Radcliffe.
The batting record for Radcliffe: 454 games, 386 hits in 1,429 at bats, and a .270 average, along with 21 home runs, 221 RBI, and 20 stolen bases. On-base and slugging figures of .306 and .375 give Radcliffe a career OPS of .681.
Frequently Asked Questions about Ted Radcliffe
- Was Ted Radcliffe a pitcher?
- Both. Ted Radcliffe pitched in 124 games, going 45-39 with a 4.13 ERA, but spent most of his career as a Catcher.
- How many home runs did Ted Radcliffe hit?
- Ted Radcliffe hit 21 career home runs with 386 hits.
- What was Ted Radcliffe's career batting average?
- Ted Radcliffe batted .270 over his career, with 386 hits in 1,429 at bats.
- How many RBI did Ted Radcliffe have?
- Ted Radcliffe drove in 221 runs in his career.
- What was Ted Radcliffe's career ERA?
- Ted Radcliffe finished with a 4.13 career ERA, going 45-39 with 328 strikeouts.
- Is Ted Radcliffe in the Hall of Fame?
- No. Ted Radcliffe has not been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.